Buying a home? You’ve probably heard plenty about down payments and mortgage rates. But there’s a third factor that can sneak up on buyers: closing costs. These expenses can change the math on your purchase, and if you’re not prepared, they can cause serious sticker shock on closing day.This guide breaks down what closing costs are, how much you should expect to pay, and how they vary by state. By the end, you’ll know how to budget, negotiate, and approach your closing with confidence.